🔨 Mortise and Tenon Calculator
Size traditional furniture joints with practical rules for thickness, length, shoulders, glue area, and fit clearance.
Calculation Breakdown
| Stock Thickness | Standard Tenon | Heavy Duty | Typical Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3/4 in | 1/4 in | 5/16 in | Chair rails, light frames |
| 7/8 in | 5/16 in | 3/8 in | Table aprons, stiles |
| 1 in | 5/16 to 3/8 in | 3/8 in | Doors and cabinet frames |
| 1 1/4 in | 3/8 in | 7/16 in | Heavier rails and legs |
| 1 1/2 in | 7/16 in | 1/2 in | Benches, gates, outdoor work |
| Joint Style | Length Factor | Mortise Depth Rule | Best Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard Blind | 4x tenon thickness | About 80% of depth | General furniture |
| Through Tenon | 4.2x thickness | Full depth plus proud end | Visible joinery |
| Haunched Tenon | 3.8x thickness | 80% to 90% of depth | Frames with narrow top rails |
| Wedged Through | 4.4x thickness | Full depth plus wedge room | Exterior and structural work |
| Double / Twin | 4x thickness | Same as single | Wide rails and heavy members |
| Cutting Method | Typical Clearance | Fit Class | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hand Saw + Chisel | 0.010 to 0.015 in | Hand Cut | Leave room for tuning the cheeks |
| Hollow Chisel Mortiser | 0.005 to 0.010 in | Standard | Good for repeatable furniture parts |
| Router + Jig | 0.003 to 0.008 in | Snug | Excellent for loose tenons and batches |
| CNC | 0.002 to 0.004 in | CNC / Machine | Use a test cut before production |
| Wide Mortise | 0.008 to 0.012 in | Loose | Good when seasonal movement matters |
| Application | Typical Stock | Recommended Style | Practical Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dining Chair Rail | 3/4 x 2-1/2 in | Blind or haunched | Keep shoulders crisp and consistent |
| Table Apron | 7/8 x 3 in | Standard blind | Size cheeks for glue, not just hold |
| Door Stile | 1-1/4 x 3 in | Through or wedged | Protruding ends can be a design feature |
| Workbench Stretcher | 1-1/2 x 4 in | Double tenon | Use more cheek area for heavier loads |
| Outdoor Gate | 1-3/4 x 4 in | Wedged through | Allow for movement and seasonal swelling |
Mortizo and tenona joint forms basic link between two dissimilar wooden bits. It allows to tie two parts from wood or alike material. In one bit, called the pole, one tailas hole or split, that one calls mortizon.
It usually has square or rectangle form, although round or others shape are possible according to the plan. The tenono is grinded bit at the finish of the kuniga wood, that answers in the mortizo. Ideal tenono slip in its mortizon by means of simple handshake.
How to make a mortise and tenon joint
With glue in the space it does firm link.
This link used lignistoj during thousands of years. One considers it the most ancient and the most rugged kind in lignarbaro. It answers well for tie two lignpecojn in 90-grada corner.
One encloses the tenonon in the mortizon what creates mechanical strong link against traction and tordado. That gives tridimensian stability without need of seals as nails or screws. Humanitarian link kunveniĝas by means of hand and stay flatly even if one raises the tenonan part.
For do the link cut first the mortizon and later adaptiĝigu the tenonon. Do the tenonon a bit shorter than the mortizoprofondo around 1/16 inches. That little space accepts trogluon and ban that the tenono elprotrudiĝu what could brake the surface.
If it too thick tailu it a bit and remove slim slices of the aspects by means of knife for reach the apt extent. Tailu before the cheeks than the shoulders. Like this one escapes to cut preter the line and weaken the tenonon.
Many utilities answer for the task. Use drill with cizelo either mortizmaŝinon. Some favours frezilmaŝinon or drill with mortiza appendix.
For the tenono hold-seĝilo tablovido either jig-seĝilo operate well. Ŝultra knife helps to refine the extent. Precise measures are inherent for reach accuracey.
